In contemporary Chinese political discourse, “harmony” is one of the key words defining the vision promoted by China’s leadership—a concept deeply rooted in Confucian philosophy. What does this notion mean in practice, and how does it shape China’s understanding of power, peace, and global order?  Sean Golden, senior associate researcher at CIDOB, traces the historical and philosophical origins of the “Confucian Peace,” contrasting it with the militarized traditions of Chinese statecraft.